D-714

Use and Calibration of Digital Refractometer

Section D — Laboratory Operations and Specifications Revision 2 7 pages

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1.0 Purpose 
 
 This procedure provides instructions on the use and calibration of the QC Laboratory
 
 refractometer(s). 
 
 2.0 Scope 
 
 This procedure applies to all dietary supplement, pet product, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical
 raw materials and finished products used or manufactured at Ion Labs that require refractive
 
 index testing. 
 
 3.0 Responsibility 
 
 3.1 It is the responsibility of QC and Analytical Chemists to follow this procedure.
 
 3.2 ‘It is the responsibility of QC Laboratory Management to implement this procedure and
 to ensure that the procedure is being followed. 
 
 3.3. It is the responsibility of QC Laboratory Management and/or Analytical Development
 to keep this procedure aligned with current practices. 
 
 4.0 Definitions 
 
 4.1 Refractometer — An instrument for measuring the refractive index of materials.
 
 4.2 Refractive Index (RI) — (of a material/substance) A measure of the speed of light in
 
 that substance. It is expressed as a ratio of the speed of light in vacuum relative to that
 in the considered medium. 
 
 4.3 IPA — Isopropyl alcohol 
 
 
 

[SOP 

 Standard Operating Procedure SOP No Rev 
 Use and Calibration of Digital Refractometer D-714 Page 2 of 6 
 
 44 ETOH -— Ethanol 
 
 4.5 MeOH — Methanol 
 
 4.6 ppb — parts per billion 
 
 4.7 nD — Index of Refraction 
 
 4.8 TC — Temperature corrected 
 
 4.9 BRIX — % sucrose in aqueous solution 
 
 5.0 References 
 
 5.1 Instruction manual, Cole-Parmer “Handheld Digital Refractometer”’ 
 
 5.2 D-714-F1, Form, Refractive Index Test Ticket 
 
 5.3 G-201, SOP, Calibration Program 
 
 6.0 Procedure 
 
 6.1 Set Up - General 
 
 6.1.1 Battery Installation 
 
 6.1.1.1 Remove battery door by removing the screws attaching the battery
 door then remove the battery door. 
 
 6.1.1.2 Install batteries, negative side into cavity first, positive facing out.
 
 6.1.1.3 Re-install battery door by placing the battery door back into position
 
 and affixing it with the screws 
 
 6.1.2 Cleaning 
 
 
 

[SOP 

 Standard Operating Procedure SOP No | Rev 
 Use and Calibration of Digital Refractometer D-714 2 Page 3 of 6 
 
 6.1.2.1 Clean and dry sample well and measuring surface immediately after
 each reading. Never immerse the instrument in any liquid. When the
 
 measurement surface and well have been completely cleaned no
 residue should be present. 
 
 6.1.2.2 To properly clean the sample well and glass measurement surface use a
 | mild soap and water solution followed by a distilled water rinse and
 
 then thoroughly dry with a soft lint and residue clean cloth or product
 
 such as Kimwipes. For oily samples IPA, ETOH, or MeOH can be
 used initially to remove reside followed by mild soap and a distilled
 
 water rinse. 
 
 6.1.2.3 To clean the refractometer’s body use a soft cloth with a mild cleaning
 
 solution like window cleaner applied to it and wipe it clean. Never use
 
 any harsh cleaning agents that will damage the instrument such as
 acetone, N-Nimethylacetamide, cresols, lacquer thinners, benzene,
 
 gasoline, etc. 
 
 6.1.3 Calibration: Zero-setting (Before Use) 
 
 6.1.3.1 Calibration of the Cole-Palmer Hand Held Digital Refractometer
 should occur daily or just before use. 
 
 6.1.3.2 Clean the measuring surface and well as outlined under “Cleaning.”
 
 6.1.3.3. Apply a few drops 18.2Q Millipore water with TOC < 5ppb at about
 
 20°C to the prism. 
 
 6.1.3.4 Press “Zero” to start calibration 
 
 6.1.3.5 The unit shows the process of zero setting 
 
 6.1.3.6 If calibration is successful, it will show “Pass” 
 
 
 

[SOP 

 Standard Operating Procedure SOP No Rev 
 Use and Calibration of Digital Refractometer D-714 Page 4 of 6 
 
 6.1.3.7 If calibration is not successful, it will show “Fail”
 
 6.1.3.7.1 If calibration “Fails”, re-calibrate using a fresh water
 
 sample. 
 
 6.1.3.7.2 If calibration fails for a second time, the instrument should
 
 be re-cleaned before attempting to re-calibrate.
 
 6.1.3.7.3 If calibration fails for a third time the instrument should be
 
 removed from use. 
 
 6.1.4 Changing Scales 
 
 6.1.4.1 To change reading mode between RI and BRIX press and hold the
 
 “READ” key to toggle through those choices. 
 
 6.2 Sample Analysis 
 
 6.2.1 Samples will be tested at ambient conditions. Specification ranges are adjusted
 to allow a small variation in temperature during sample analysis.
 
 6.2.2 Calibration: Zero-setting as per 6.1.3 should be prior to the sample analysis to
 ensure the greatest accuracy. 
 
 6.2.3 Before sample analysis inspect the glass measuring surface and well to be sure
 that there is no residue remaining from a previous sample analysis. Refer to
 
 6.1.2 as necessary for cleaning instructions. 
 
 6.2.4 Extract the sample to be tested and apply a few drops of sample to the sample
 
 well to completely cover the glass measuring surface. 
 
 6.2.5 Allow the sample to reach the same temperature as the instrument. Failure to do
 so will result in inaccurate measurement. 
 
 6.2.6 Data Collection: 
 
 
 

[SOP 

 Standard Operating Procedure SOP No Rev 
 Use and Calibration of Digital Refractometer D-714 Page 5 of 6 
 
 6.2.6.1 Press the “READ” key to take a sample measurement. 
 
 6.2.6.2 The result will be shown on screen and results will be stored for up to
 
 60 seconds. 
 
 6.2.6.3 Press the “POWER” button to recheck previous measurements.
 
 6.2.7. Document the results and required information on form D-714-F1Refractive
 Index Test Ticket. 
 
 6.2.8 Clean the prism per section 6.1.2 after each measurement 
 
 7.0 Specifications 
 
 7.1 RI Range: 1.3330 — 1.5400 
 
 7.2 BRIX Range: 0—95% 
 
 8.0 Alternative Instruments 
 
 8.1 If an alternative refractometer needs to be used, the manufacture operational manual
 
 will be followed for analysis. 
 
 9.0 Revision History 

| Rev | Date | Description of Changes | CCR # | By |
|-----|----------|------------------------|-------|----|
| 0 | 06/16/16 | New Revised SOP to reflect operation, calibration, and maintenance of ] 10/07/19 new Cole-Parmer Refractometer. Updated D-714-F1 to reflect new 19-0732 I. Garrett changes in SOP. | 16-0601 | B. Johns |
| 7 | 01/20/23 | Schedule review: update logo and document format. Revise CC- responsibilities section. | 23-0035 | K. Burris |

 10.0 Attachments 
 
 10.1 Attachment 1 — Temperature Coefficient Calculation 
 
 
 

[SOP 

 Standard Operating Procedure SOP No | Rev 
 Use and Calibration of Digital Refractometer D-714 2 Page 6 of 6 
 
 Attachment 1: Temperature Coefficient Calculation 
 
 To calculate the temperature coefficient of a sample, the sample must be read in the refractive index
 mode without temperature correction. The sample must then be read at a second temperature. The
 following calculation may then be used. 
 
 Temperature Coefficient = (nD1 — nD2)/(T1 — T2) 
 
 Where: 
 nD1 = Refractive Index of sample at temperature | 
 
 nD2 = Refractive Index of sample at temperature 2 
 T1 = Temperature of Refractive Index reading | 
 
 T2 = Temperature of Refractive Index reading 2 
 
 The temperature coefficient is almost always a negative number. Refractive index increases as
 temperature decreases. Typical temperature coefficients for fluids will be from -0.0001 to -0.0004.
 
 Once a temperature coefficient is known, the temperature corrected refractive index can be calculated
 from an actual refractive index reading by the following formula: 
 
 RITC = (RT — AT)* TC) + RI 
 
 Where: 
 RITC = Refractive Index Temperature Corrected 
 
 RT = Reference Temperature 
 AT = Actual Temperature as read on instrument 
 
 TC = Temperature Coefficient of sample 
 RI = Actual Refractive Index as read on refractometer 
 
 
 

[SOP 

 ION LABS Refractive Index Test Ticket 
 
 Form: D-714-F1 CCRNo. CC-23-0035 Revision: 2 
 
 Sample Prep 
 
 Sample Name: 
 
 Sample Batch / R Number: 
 Sample SKU /RMID 
 
 Test Date: 
 
 Equipment 
 
 Refractometer [on ID #: 
 Calibration Results: [] Pass C1 Fail 
 
 Temperature (°C): 
 
 Thermometer Ion ID #: 
 Calibration Due: 
 
 Data / Parameters 
 Refractive Index: 
 
 Specification 
 
 Determination (circle one): Pass Fail 
 
 Comments: 
 
 Performed By/Date: 
 
 Reviewed By/Date: